Dislocation and subluxation are the telltale signs of instability. If either happens frequently, instability is usually to blame. Usually, a substantial blow to the shoulder can be identified as the start of the condition. Also, if the patient feels the shoulder suddenly give way or describes it as “unreliable,” this may mark instability.
Causes and Risk Factors
Causes
Often an initial subluxation or dislocation forces the ligaments of the shoulder capsule to stretch. If the initial condition does not heal properly, instability will result and worsen over time. Risk Factors
Overhead sports, such as baseball, volleyball and swimming, pose a great risk of instability. Additionally, those with above-average joint laxity, or looseness of the ligaments, stand at great risk of shoulder instability.
Treatment
Immediate Treatment
Follow procedure for dislocation or subluxation, depending upon injury that occurred. Procedures
An orthopedic surgeon has a number of procedures at his or her disposal to remedy chronic instability. All involve tightening the ligaments within the shoulder capsule. The procedure may be performed in an open or arthroscopic fashion. Thermal shrinkage may also be used.
Medications
Prescription and non-prescription painkillers and anti-inflammatory agents. Prevention
Strong rotator cuff muscles remain the best defense against shoulder dislocation, subluxation, and, thus, instability. Exercises that build up these muscles around the shoulder should be done. Adequate warm-up before activity and avoidance of high-contact sports will help prevent of an instability-causing injury.
Last updated: 10-Oct-00
